Neonatal infection的意思
"Neonatal infection" is a term used in medicine to describe an infection that occurs in a newborn baby during the first 28 days of life, which is also known as the neonatal period. These infections can be acquired before birth (congenital infections), during birth (perinatal infections), or after birth (postnatal infections).
Neonatal infections can be caused by a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Some common examples of neonatal infections include:
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection: This is a common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
- Jaundice due to infections: Infections can cause an increase in bilirubin production, leading to jaundice in newborns.
- Viral infections: Viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can infect newborns and cause serious health problems.
- Fungal infections: Candida albicans is a common fungal infection that can affect newborns, especially those who are premature or have a weak immune system.
Neonatal infections can be challenging to diagnose because the symptoms can be non-specific and may mimic other conditions common in newborns. Symptoms can include fever, lethargy, poor feeding, breathing difficulties, and jaundice. In severe cases, infections can lead to sepsis, meningitis, or other life-threatening conditions.
Prevention and treatment of neonatal infections involve a combination of strategies, including antenatal screening and treatment of infections in the mother, early and appropriate use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents, and supportive care for the newborn.