Determinism意思
Determinism is a philosophical position that holds that all events, including human actions and decisions, are determined by preceding causes and are, therefore, not genuinely free. In other words, determinism suggests that everything that happens is the inevitable consequence of the laws of nature and the state of the universe at any given moment.
There are different types of determinism, including:
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Physical Determinism: This is the idea that everything that happens is the result of the laws of physics and the initial conditions of the universe.
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Biological Determinism: This is the idea that all behaviors and characteristics of organisms can be explained by their genetic makeup and biological factors.
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Causal Determinism: This is the idea that everything that happens is the result of prior causes, and that these causes are sufficient to determine the event.
Determinism is often contrasted with the concept of free will, which holds that at least some actions are not determined by prior causes but are the result of free choices made by agents. The debate between determinism and free will has been a central one in philosophy, particularly in the fields of ethics and the philosophy of mind.