無自性的意思

"無自性"（Sanskrit: anātman, Chinese: 無我, Wúwǒ) is a central concept in Buddhism, particularly in the Theravada and Mahayana traditions. It refers to the absence of a permanent, intrinsic, and independent self or soul in phenomena. According to Buddhist teachings, all phenomena, whether they are physical (material) or mental (mental states, emotions, perceptions, etc.), lack a permanent essence or self.

The concept of anātman is often contrasted with the Hindu belief in ātman, which posits the existence of a permanent soul or self that is separate from the body and transmigrates from one life to another. Buddhism rejects this idea, arguing that everything is impermanent, changing, and interdependent.

The doctrine of anātman is one of the foundational insights of the Buddha's awakening and is central to understanding the nature of suffering (dukkha) and the path to liberation. It is the realization that there is no fixed, independent self to be found in any of the five aggregates (skandhas) that make up a person's experience: form (physical body), feeling (sensations), perception (interpretations), mental formations (volitional actions and habits), and consciousness (awareness).

The understanding of anātman is crucial for the practice of Buddhism because it helps to dismantle the illusion of a separate self, which is seen as a fundamental source of suffering. When one realizes the anātman, it can lead to a profound letting go of attachments and desires, and ultimately to the attainment of nirvana, the state of liberation from suffering.