Tsunami意思
"Tsunami" 是一個日語辭彙，意思是「harbor wave」（港灣的波浪）。在英語中，它指的是由海底地震、火山爆發、海底滑坡或其他大規模地質活動引起的巨浪。這些波浪可以傳播到很遠的距離，到達海岸時可能會變得非常高，造成嚴重的破壞和人員傷亡。
Tsunamis are characterized by their long wavelength and the ability to move at great speeds across the ocean. When they reach shallow water near the shore, they can increase in height and become catastrophic. They are different from wind-generated waves, which are more common and typically associated with weather conditions.
Tsunamis can be triggered by various mechanisms:
- Earthquakes: The most common cause, especially those that occur near tectonic plate boundaries.
- Volcanic eruptions: When a volcano erupts underwater or near the coast, it can displace water and generate a tsunami.
- Landslides: Massive landslides, either on land or under the sea, can create waves.
- Meteorite impacts: Although rare, the impact of a large meteorite into the ocean can produce a tsunami.
To protect against tsunamis, early warning systems are in place in many regions. These systems use seismic detection to identify when an earthquake has occurred that might generate a tsunami, and then issue warnings to coastal areas that could be affected.