False positive的意思
"False positive" is a term used in various contexts, but it is most commonly associated with statistical analysis, medical testing, and machine learning. In these fields, a false positive refers to a situation where a test result indicates that a particular condition exists or is present, when in reality it does not.
For example:
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Medical Testing: A false positive on a pregnancy test would be when the test indicates that a woman is pregnant, but she is not actually pregnant.
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Statistical Analysis: In hypothesis testing, a false positive occurs when a test indicates that there is a significant difference in a population parameter (mean, proportion, etc.) when, in fact, there is no true difference. This is also known as a Type I error.
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Machine Learning: In classification algorithms, a false positive occurs when the model incorrectly classifies an example from the negative class as belonging to the positive class. For example, in email spam filtering, a false positive would be when a legitimate email is incorrectly marked as spam.
In general, a false positive is an error that arises when a test is too sensitive and thus produces a positive result even when the condition being tested for is not present. This can lead to unnecessary follow-up tests, treatments, or other actions, which can be costly and cause anxiety or other harm to the individual.