Carcinoma意思
"Carcinoma" is a type of cancer that originates in the epithelial cells, which are the cells that form the skin and the lining of organs. These cells are responsible for protecting the body and preventing the entry of foreign substances. Carcinomas are the most common type of cancer, and they can arise in various organs throughout the body, including the breast, prostate, lung, colon, and skin.
There are several subtypes of carcinoma, including:
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Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of carcinoma arises from the squamous cells, which are the thin, flat cells that form the outer layer of the skin and the lining of some organs.
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Adenocarcinoma: This type of carcinoma arises from the glandular epithelial cells, which are found in the lining of organs such as the breast, prostate, and colon.
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Basal cell carcinoma: This type of carcinoma arises from the basal cells, which are the cells that line the deepest layer of the skin.
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Transitional cell carcinoma: This type of carcinoma arises from the transitional epithelial cells, which are found in the lining of the urinary tract, including the bladder, ureters, and kidneys.
Carcinomas can be either non-invasive or invasive. Non-invasive carcinomas are confined to the surface of the epithelium and have not invaded the underlying tissues. Invasive carcinomas, on the other hand, have invaded the underlying tissues and can spread to other parts of the body.
Treatment for carcinoma may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the type and stage of the cancer. Early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes for patients with carcinoma.